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die Mieteder Mietvertragdie Nebenkosten

Today's words · 📄 Rent & tenancy

Renting in Germany: 10 words to know before you sign

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That number in a German flat ad? There are actually two of them.

You've finally found a flat you like. But the ad says "Kaltmiete 750 €, Nebenkosten 200 €". So is the rent 750 or 950? And why is the contract so long?

Today's ten words come up every time you look for a flat and sign a lease. With them you can read ads properly, talk to your landlord and open the yearly bill statement without panic. 🏠

📋 The ten words at a glance

  1. die Miete — rent
  2. der Mietvertrag — tenancy agreement, lease
  3. der Vermieter — landlord
  4. der Mieter — tenant
  5. mieten — to rent, hire
  6. vermieten — to let, rent out
  7. die Nebenkosten — additional costs (utilities, service charges)
  8. die Kaltmiete — basic rent (excluding service charges)
  9. die Warmmiete — rent including heating and service charges
  10. die Nebenkostenabrechnung — utility bill statement, service charge statement

🧠 Words, examples and memory tricks

01

die Miete

[MEE-tuh]rent

(Pl. die Mieten)

📌 Wir bezahlen die Miete immer am Anfang des Monats.

→ We always pay the rent at the beginning of the month.

💡 The noun from mieten (to rent) 💶 The money that leaves your account every month.

Bonus die Miete zahlen = to pay the rent

02

der Mietvertrag

[MEET-fair-trahk]tenancy agreement, lease

(Pl. die Mietverträge)

📌 Lies den Mietvertrag genau, bevor du unterschreibst.

→ Read the tenancy agreement carefully before you sign.

💡 Miete (rent) + Vertrag (contract) = lease 📝 Read it before you sign!

⚠ Plural with umlaut: die Mietverträge

03

der Vermieter

[fair-MEE-ter]landlord

(Pl. die Vermieter (f: die Vermieterin))

📌 Unser Vermieter wohnt im Erdgeschoss.

→ Our landlord lives on the ground floor.

💡 Add ver- and you're on the letting side 🔑 The one with the keys.

Bonus A female landlord: die Vermieterin

04

der Mieter

[MEE-ter]tenant

(Pl. die Mieter (f: die Mieterin))

📌 Die neuen Mieter ziehen im Mai ein.

→ The new tenants are moving in in May.

💡 mieten + -er = the person who rents 🙋 That's you!

Bonus a flatmate on the same lease = der Mitmieter

05

mieten

[MEE-ten]to rent, hire

(mietet – hat gemietet)

📌 Wir mieten ein Auto für die Reise.

→ We're hiring a car for the trip.

💡 Pay to use it? Then it's mieten 🚗 Flats, cars, bikes.

⚠ Borrowing for free is leihen: Kannst du mir dein Buch leihen?

06

vermieten

[fair-MEE-ten]to let, rent out

(vermietet – hat vermietet)

📌 Frau Müller vermietet ein Zimmer an Studenten.

→ Mrs Müller lets a room to students.

💡 ver- + mieten = to let out 🏘️ The landlord's verb.

Bonus In ads: Zimmer zu vermieten = room to let

07

die Nebenkosten

[NAY-ben-kos-ten]additional costs (utilities, service charges)

(mostly plural)

📌 Die Wohnung kostet 700 Euro, die Nebenkosten sind extra.

→ The apartment costs 700 euros, utilities are extra.

💡 neben (beside) + Kosten (costs) = the costs next to the rent 💧 Water, rubbish, cleaning…

⚠ Almost always plural: die Nebenkosten sind …

08

die Kaltmiete

[KALT-mee-tuh]basic rent (excluding service charges)

(Pl. die Kaltmieten)

📌 Die Kaltmiete beträgt 800 Euro, dazu kommen die Nebenkosten.

→ The basic rent is 800 euros, plus service charges.

💡 ‘Cold rent’ — the heating isn't included 🥶

Bonus Kaltmiete + Nebenkosten = Warmmiete

09

die Warmmiete

[VARM-mee-tuh]rent including heating and service charges

(Pl. die Warmmieten)

📌 Ist das die Warmmiete oder die Kaltmiete?

→ Is that the rent including bills or the basic rent?

💡 ‘Warm rent’ — heating and bills included 🔥 What you actually pay.

Bonus Always ask at a viewing: Ist das warm oder kalt?

10

die Nebenkostenabrechnung

[NAY-ben-kos-ten-AP-resh-noong]utility bill statement, service charge statement

(Pl. die Nebenkostenabrechnungen)

📌 Laut Nebenkostenabrechnung müssen wir 200 Euro nachzahlen.

→ According to the utilities statement we have to pay an extra 200 euros.

💡 Nebenkosten + Abrechnung (statement) 📬 Long, but only two Lego bricks.

⚠ Ends in -ung, so it's die.

🇩🇪 A spoonful of German culture

In German flat ads, always check whether the price is Kaltmiete or Warmmiete. Usually you pay a fixed amount for Nebenkosten every month, and once a year it's settled against what you actually used.

So when the Nebenkostenabrechnung arrives, you might get money back — or have to pay extra (nachzahlen). If you heated a lot last winter, be prepared.

Also, unfurnished flats in Germany sometimes come without a kitchen. At a viewing, check whether there's an Einbauküche (fitted kitchen). 🔑

✅ Quick quiz

Q. An ad says Kaltmiete 700 €, Nebenkosten 150 €. What do you call the total you pay each month?

  1. ① die Nebenkostenabrechnung
  2. ② die Warmmiete
  3. ③ der Mietvertrag
Show the answer

② die Warmmiete
Kaltmiete plus Nebenkosten makes the Warmmiete.

Find a real flat ad today and read the Kaltmiete and Warmmiete out loud. Good luck finding a great flat — and a kind landlord! 🍀

🔜 Tomorrow's topic: 🏢 Neighbours & house rules

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