N에도 불구하고

How to use it

Clause 2 happens contrary to what N would lead you to expect. Formal; common in writing, news and speeches.

Forming it

With verbs and adjectives use -(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 or -았/었음에도 불구하고 (✗ 바쁘에도 불구하고).

Examples

• 늦은 시간에도 불구하고 많은 분들이 와 주셨습니다.

  Despite the late hour, many people came.

• 부모님의 반대에도 불구하고 그는 유학을 떠났다.

  Despite his parents' opposition, he left to study abroad.

Compared with similar patterns

-(으)ㄴ/는데도 (G3-057) has the same meaning for clauses; adding 불구하고 makes it more formal. -더라도 (G4-023) is a hypothetical 'even if', while N에도 불구하고 is about a real fact.

Related patterns

• -(으)ㄴ/는데도 even though, despite (a real fact)
• -더라도 even if, even though (hypothetical concession)