Korean grammar patterns › Level 4
-고도
even after doing, despite having done
Level 4 · TOPIK II · intermediate
How to use it
Clause 2 is the opposite of what you'd expect after clause 1 has been done. Common with 보다, 듣다, 알다, 먹다.
Forming it
| 먹다 | → 먹고도 |
| 듣다 | → 듣고도 |
| 알다 | → 알고도 |
| 보다 | → 보고도 |
Attached to verbs, without a past tense marker (✗ 먹었고도).
Examples
밥을 많이 먹고도 또 배가 고파요.
Even after eating a lot, I'm hungry again.
그 사실을 알고도 모르는 척했어요.
He knew the truth but pretended not to.
Compared with similar patterns
-(으)ㄴ/는데도 (G3-057) is a general 'even though' for any situation; -고도 stresses that the action was completed. -(으)면서도 (G3-048) means two contrasting things at the same time.