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Korean grammar patterns › Level 4

-(으)ㄴ 끝에

after (a long effort or process), finally …; N 끝에

Level 4 · TOPIK II · intermediate

How to use it

Clause 1 is a long or difficult process (thinking, effort, waiting, arguing); clause 2 is the final result, often with 드디어, 마침내 or 결국.

Forming it

고민하다→ 고민한 끝에
노력하다→ 노력한 끝에
기다리다→ 기다린 끝에
고생→ 고생 끝에

Only the past modifier: ✗ 노력하는 끝에. Clause 2 is usually past.

Examples

Compared with similar patterns

-고 나서 (G2-010) and -(으)ㄴ 후에 (G1-030) only show order; -(으)ㄴ 끝에 implies a long struggle leading to the result.

Related patterns